Browsing by Author "Gantuya Ganbat"

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A GIS-BASED METHODOLOGY FOR GREEN ROOF DESIGN IN A DENSELY BUILT-UP AREA IN ULAANBAATAR, MONGOLIA
(GMIT, 2022) Nandin-Erdene Saranbaatar; Uuganbaatar Zulkhuu; Gantuya Ganbat
Ulaanbaatar has the highest population density in Mongolia. Consequently, for the past few decades, the massive movement of people to the city led to unplanned urbanization. Today, Ulaanbaatar is facing environmental problems in all seasons of the year. To resolve these issues, some measures have begun such as the “Green City Action Plan for the City of Ulaanbaatar”, and “Green building guidelines”, not to mention “A Billion Tree National Campaign”.
Assessment of wind energy resources of Mongolia
(GMIT, 2023) Naranzul Bayasgalan; Gantuya Ganbat; Odontungalag Dorjsuren
This study assessed the wind energy potential in Mongolia by analyzing wind speed data collected from 69 stations across the country. The data was categorized by region and analyzed using the Weibull distribution to determine the monthly mean wind speed and wind power density.
Experimental analysis on backfilling rehabilitation with Coal Combustion ByProducts (CCBs) for abandoned Small Scale Coal Mines
(GMIT, 2022) Baigali Lkhagvajav; Gantuya Ganbat; Peter Vossen
This thesis focused on experimental analysis of the rehabilitated area in the abandoned small-scale coal mine in the Nalaikh mining area. The soil analysis is conducted at several spots in the rehabilitated shafts since the impacts of the rehabilitation by backfilling method could be more detectable in soil than in the water and air environment. Additionally, backfilling method of coal fly ash and mining reclamation were researched and mentioned, including a review of Mongolian examples of the backfilling method and the BASMIC project.
Identification of Potential Location of Pond Sites for Irrigating Agriculture and Forestry Land Based on Watershed Analysis Using GIS
(GMIT, 2023) Margad-Erdene Tumenbayar; Enkhjargal Sodnomdarjaa; Gantuya Ganbat
The identification of potential locations for pond sites plays a crucial role in sustainable water resource management for irrigated agriculture and forestry land. This study focuses on utilizing watershed analysis techniques in combination with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to identify suitable locations for constructing ponds. The objectives of the study are to assess water availability, identify suitable sites, and recommend areas for afforestation that uses near water sources. In this study, Watershed and Stream Network Analysis were done in the Kherlen Soum area in Khentii Province. Also using the ArcGIS program some additional analyses such as hillshade, slope, and basin delineation. Using the stream network analysis with the cadastral map of Kherlen soum and setting 3 criteria we determined the potential pond locations.
Long-term trends of greenhouse gases in an arid and semi-arid area of Mongolia and its relationship with temperature
(GMIT, 2022) Buyanbilig Namnansuren; Gantuya Ganbat; Oyunchimeg Dugerjav
Over the past few decades, the Earth's climate has been dramatically changing due to anthropogenically-induced greenhouse gases. CO2, CH4, N2O, and SF6 concentrations have been continuously increasing. In this study, 29-year measurement data was used to conduct basic research covering several aspects including general characteristics of greenhouse gases, their climate radiative forcing, and relevance to temperature.
Managing automotive end-of-life NiMH and Li-ion batteries in Mongolia: a Material Flow Analysis to assess challenges and opportunities for circular batteries in the Global South
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026-02-12) Gantuya Ganbat; Daniel Karthe
Introduction: Mongolia’s transition to electric mobility presents environmental opportunities to mitigate air pollution and potentially reduce greenhouse gas emissions but also generates complex waste streams such as end-of-life (EoL) Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) and Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIB). This study investigates the status of Mongolia’s waste management system and how it can be optimized to enhance the circularity of such waste streams. Methods: Original data was collected through field research at collection, repair, storage, and disposal sites, and complemented by stakeholder interviews and an analysis of the country’s waste management legislation. Official vehicle fleet statistics (2010–2023) were used to forecast the quantity of EoL NiMH and LIB until 2050 and conduct a Material Flow Analysis for 10 different scenarios. The dataset comprises both qualitative data, describing the current waste management scenario, and quantitative data on vehicle imports, fleet composition, and battery specifications, with assumptions for missing values based on market trends. Results: Results reveal that Mongolia lacks infrastructure and policy for safe and sustainable EoL battery management. EoL battery outflows were estimated using a two-parameter Weibull distribution model; forecast reliability was assessed via out-of-sample backcasting of the vehicle-fleet projection against historical fleet statistics (2019–2023 hold-out: MAPE = 4.71%). The results of the EoL battery quantities are scenario- and parameter-dependent projections for the lifetime and battery-specification assumptions. The results show that cumulatively (from 2023 to 2050), in the Current Scenario, 10,302 tons of EoL NiMH and 38,650 tons of EoL LIB are expected to be generated. In contrast, for the Climate Focus Scenario, 10,455 tons of EoL NiMH and 102,586 tons of EoL LIB are expected. Discussion: The lower values of NiMH in 2050 are due to the expected transition from NiMH to LIB in HEV. Recommendations to enhance EoL battery management’s circularity include focusing on improving EoL battery collection, implementing Extended Producer Responsibility, integrating the existing informal sector, enhancing regional and international cooperation, and improving data acquisition and management. In summary, a combined approach involving local and international cooperation and socio- and technological development is essential for improving the circularity of EoL battery management in Mongolia. 1 Introduction
Spatiotemporal Variability of Near-Surface Temperature Inversion over Ulaanbaatar City, Mongolia
(MDPI, 2026-08-14) Gantuya Ganbat
Near-surface temperature inversions are prevalent during the cold months in Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia, and significantly degrade urban air quality by trapping hazardous pollutants within a shallow atmospheric boundary layer. This study investigates spatiotemporal variability, physical mechanisms, and long-term evolution of near-surface temperature inversions over Ulaanbaatar by integrating 25 years (2000–2024) of ground-based meteorological and radiosonde observations, with high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations for 2012–2023. Our results demonstrate the fourdimensional data assimilation (FDDA) grid nudging effectively captures localized topographic influences in the WRF simulations, showing a strong agreement with radiosonde observations (R2 = 0.783, p < 0.000). Near-surface temperature inversions are strongly controlled by the Siberian High, with the highest frequency occurring from December to February, when up to 67% of morning observations exhibit inversion conditions. A pronounced diurnal cycle was identified, with inversion intensity peaking at 5.6–6.8 ◦C during the early morning hours (02:00–08:00 LST) before reaching a minimum around 14:00 LST. Spatially, the strongest inversions occur along the low-lying Tuul River valley, where the planetary boundary layer is compressed to below 350 m and wind speeds decrease to less than 2.4 m·s−1, creating persistent atmospheric stagnation. Despite these favorable conditions for inversion formation, long-term observations indicate that regional warming (+2.0 ◦C) and the urban heat island effects have reduced inversion frequency by 31%, inversion thickness by 170 m, and inversion intensity by 0.9 ◦C over the past 25 years. These findings demonstrate the strong coupling between regional complex terrain, and boundary layer thermodynamics, highlighting the need to incorporate urban ventilation corridors and topography-informed planning into climate adaptation and winter air-quality management strategies.
Study of Spatial Variations of Air Pollutants in Ulaanbaatar
(GMIT, 2022) Dagiisuren Badamkhatan; Gantuya Ganbat; Uuganbaatar Zulkhuu
Long-term air pollution data with spatial resolutions are needed to aid in the research of Ulaanbaatar's air quality and to discover which residential areas have higher pollutant levels. However, until recently, similar study was rare in Mongolia. This study examines the spatial variations of PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2, NO2 and O3 in 13 monitoring stations in Ulaanbaatar between January 2014 and December 2020. For the overall averaged pollutant values in all stations, they exceeded the Mongolian National Standard for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NO2, while O3 and CO were provided that standard (MNS 4585:2016) and their highest occurrences were 94.7%, 95.6%, 50.6%, 42.4%, 90.5%, and 34.75%, respectively, higher than the daily average MNAQS.
Study on drought characteristics in Nalaikh and Terelj area using GIS with SPI and NDVI for 1990-2018
(GMIT, 2022) Dulaanjargal Mendbayar; Enkhjargal Sodnomdarjaa; Gantuya Ganbat
As the effects of climate change is continuing to pose large problems that affect ecosystems and communities around the world, arid and semi-arid places where there is a big imbalance between annual precipitation and evapotranspiration are exposed to more frequent and intense droughts due to temperature increases.
Temporal characteristics of air quality in Ulaanbaatar and its relationship with weather parameters
(GMIT, 2022) Enkhjin Gantulga; Gantuya Ganbat; Oyunchimeg Dugerjav
Over the previous few decades, Mongolia has faced a significant increase in population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, as well as a significant increase in mining and automobile use. As a result, the types and number of air pollution emission sources have increased significantly, particularly in cities.
Towards a circular economy: a case study of an educational entity on economic approach to waste management
(GMIT, 2023) Uurtsaikh Altansukh; Gantuya Ganbat; Dorjsundui Gombokhurts; Sanchirgarav Batzorig
This thesis explores the relationship between the circular economy and consumer behavior through an in-depth analysis of consumer attitudes, motivations, and decisionmaking processes. The circular economy presents a paradigm shift in waste management and resource utilization, aiming to create a regenerative and sustainable system. Understanding consumer behavior within this context is crucial for effectively implementing circular economy principles.