DESIGN OF PROTOTYPE INDOOR SMART FARM FOR MONGOLIAN HOUSEHOLD

Abstract

This thesis presents the design, integration, and validation of a sensor-based indoor smart farming prototype utilizing an Arduino R4 Wi-Fi microcontroller, aimed at enabling efficient, small-scale agricultural automation within constrained household environments in Mongolia. The prototype integrates several key components, including a soil moisture sensor, LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), DHT22 (temperature and humidity sensor) (1), BH1750 (ambient light sensor) (2), UV LED for supplemental plant lighting, and a mini pump controlled by a relay module, all managed through an Arduino R4 Wi-Fi microcontroller (3). A custom web application was developed to enable real-time environmental monitoring, device control, and system management from remote locations. This application provides users with up-to-date data on soil moisture, light intensity, temperature, and humidity, while also offering manual control options for lighting and irrigation. In the future, the system is designed to be extended with additional modules such as a fan system for active temperature control and gas sensors (e.g., CO sensors) (4) to monitor air quality, ensuring an even healthier environment for plant growth. Other planned extensions include integrating a water flow sensor and more advanced automation features. Overall, this research successfully demonstrates a flexible, modular, and practical prototype for indoor smart farming, offering significant potential to support sustainable agricultural practices for Mongolian households