Bachelor Thesis

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    Design and Development of Tariabot: A CNC-Based Farm Automation System
    (GMIT, 2025) KHUSELBAYAR Oyunbold; 1 st Supervisor: Prof. Ph.D. Odbileg N.; 2 nd Supervisor: Myagmarjav Bold
    This thesis presents the design, prototyping, and testing of Tariabot, a low-cost, semiautonomous planting robot inspired by CNC principles. The objective was to create a scalable, indoor-optimized, and user-friendly farming system for apartment households and urban gardeners. Using open-source hardware and software tools, Tariabot automates essential agricultural tasks including seeding, watering, and environmental monitoring. The mechanical system is based on a Cartesian XYZ axis configuration, driven by NEMA 17 stepper motors and GT2 timing belts, while the Z-axis is operated using a rack-and-pinion mechanism. All core components, including structural parts and motor brackets, were 3D printed using PLA to reduce cost and fabrication complexity. The system integrates an Arduino Uno and A4988 drivers to execute G-code-like commands received from a Node.js server. The web-based dashboard interface allows users to select planting positions visually, monitor temperature and humidity via DHT22 sensors, and control the watering system. Testing showed that Tariabot achieved ±5 mm axis repeatability. Watering output was consistent at approximately 350–400 mL per cycle. Finite element simulations validated the mechanical strength of key parts under applied loads, with safety factors above 70 for all components tested. Tariabot fulfills its design goals with a budget-friendly approach and offers significant potential for smart farming applications in space-limited environments. The system demonstrates how mechatronic engineering, 3D printing, and web-based control can be combined into an accessible automation solution. Future developments may include camera integration, tool changers, full IoT support, and machine learning-based plant health analysis.