URANGOO Baasandorj1 st Supervisor: Prof. Ph.D. Gantuya Ganbat2 nd Supervisor: MSc. Nandin-Erdene Geserbaatar2026-03-032025B2100598https://gmitlibrary.net/handle/123456789/192The Mongolian Plateau is one of Central Asia's most climatically sensitive regions, where ecological changes driven by temperature rise, precipitation variability, and land-use pressure pose growing challenges for environmental sustainability. This study investigates long-term changes in vegetation and climate across three representative plateau regions, including the southern desert, the eastern steppe, and the northern forest-steppe, using satellite-derived data from MODIS sensors (NDVI, LST, and ET) from 2000 to 2024. Data processing and analysis were conducted using Google Earth Engine and QGIS, applying normalization, standardization (Z-score), and weighted integration through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A regional vegetation–climate response type classification was developed, dividing each study area into four types based on environmental conditions and interannual variability. Which are: ● Type I: high NDVI, low LST and ET, with low changes ● Type II: low NDVI, high LST and ET, with low changes ● Type III: high NDVI, low LST and ET, with great changes ● Type IV: low NDVI, high LST and ET, with great changes In Umnugovi Province and neighboring areas of Inner Mongolia, Type I and Type IV accounted for 18.9% and 37.4% of the total area, respectively. In eastern Mongolia (Dornod and adjacent settlements), Type I and Type IV covered 28.8% and 34.0%, respectively. The northern regions (Selenge and Darkhan) exhibited smaller proportions of these types, with 5.0% for Type I and 19.3% for Type IV. These classifications highlight the spatial heterogeneity in vegetation-climate responses under changing climatic conditions and emphasize the value of remote sensing data in informing regional environmental management, land-use policy, and climate adaptation strategies, particularly in mining-affected landscapesenThesis